Here’s an inductive study of Romans 1—8 by Dwell teacher Jim Leffel. For an explanation of this approach to epistle study, click here.
From Guilt To Glory: A Study of Romans 1—8
Contents
Romans 1:1-7 — Introduction
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
The gospel of God: euangelion, (good news) of God is the central concern of Romans 1—8. Here, Paul introduces himself as an apostle, apostolos (messenger) of the gospel and outlines the basis and benefits of the gospel.
Main Point
Paul is introducing himself and his message
to the Romans: the gospel (1:1)
Supporting points
The gospel of God (1:1-4)
promised by the prophets in scripture (1:2)
about God’s Son, descended from David (1:3)
declared “Son of God” through the resurrection (1:4)
who is Jesus Christ, our Lord (1:4)
Benefits of the gospel (1:5-7)
we have received grace through Christ (1:5)
we have received apostleship to take this message to the Gentiles (1:5)
grace and peace, as those loved by God the Father (1:6,7)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God promises a coming Messiah, fulfilling prophecy.
Jesus is our Lord (105 times in the New Testament).
Jesus resurrected from the dead.
God is a loving Father.
What does the paragraph say about people?
All people need “good news,” the gospel. Messiah comes through the Jewish scripture, but it is a message designed for the Gentiles, “for His name’s sake” (1:5). See Amos 9:12.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
The gospel message centers on grace (1:5)—charis, a gift. As we will see, this grace is the gift of salvation: justification, righteousness. The results of grace are peace from God (1:7), and a new standing before him: “beloved” (children of the Father, 1:7) and saints, or “holy ones” (1:7).
Along with this great news is the calling of the gospel: Paul’s call as a “bond-servant” (1:1).
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- God is pursuing people who are lost and in need of the gospel!
How does this passage relate to you?
- Do you see how generous the Lord is to you? He planned for the gospel long before you existed. He brought about the gospel at enormous cost in Christ because He loves you.
- Who are you? You are a child of our heavenly Father, holy and acceptable in his sight! And that is not because of how good you are, but how generous God has been to you.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Just as Paul had an apostolic calling to the gentiles, so we also have a calling to be messengers of the gospel. That is the central purpose for the church.
Romans 1:16,17 — The Gospel Defined
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
The gospel in brief: euangelion, (good news) is a message of power. It brings about salvation for all who believe.
This short paragraph is a summary of Romans 1—8, the gospel of God, taking all who believe from guilt to glory!
Main Point
The gospel is the power of God for salvation (1:16)
Supporting points
Meaning of salvation (1:17)
the gift of righteousness (1:17)
Means of salvation (1:16,17)
“believe” “live by faith” (1:16,17)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
Righteousness (dikaiosune, 35 times in Romans). It is an attribute of God; He is righteous, and also the gift He bestows on those who believe in Christ (3:22). To be righteous is to be beyond moral fault, to be free of judgment.
This change in all who believe can only happen by the “power” of the gospel.
What does the paragraph say about people?
The gospel is a message for “everyone” (1:16). As we will see in the chapters ahead, all are guilty before God, but everyone, both Jews and Greeks, are called by God to believe the gospel. The Gospel is a universal message.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
No doubt making sinful people like us “holy” and “righteous” requires a power vastly beyond our limitations. That is why it is “good news,” a “gift” that can only be received by faith.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- God is pursuing people who are lost and in need of the gospel! He is not asking anyone to become more religious or make themselves better people. He is asking only for our faith.
How does this passage relate to you?
- Paul declares he is “not ashamed of the gospel.” He is not afraid of what people think about the message or him as a messenger. He knows this message has great power. So there is a confidence that comes with truly understanding the gospel—a confidence not in yourself, but in God’s message and its ability to accomplish its purpose. When we read about Paul, we see in him boldness, as well as tenderness. We see a willingness to suffer, knowing that the gospel will continue to speak to the hearts of lost people.
- How about you? What might it look like to be ashamed of the gospel? Can you think of times in your life where you lacked the boldness and confidence of Paul? Does that experience give you insight and compassion for brothers and sisters who may be struggling to share their faith?
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Confident and sensitive communication of the gospel is the work of the church. We have to rest assured that God’s word will penetrate into the lives of the unsaved, just as it did for us. Our focus within the home church needs to stay on evangelism. That is why we ask people in home churches to daily pray for five people they know who are far from God; to have a spiritual conversation with at least one of them each week; to invite them to our home church.
Summary: Romans 1:18—3:20
In this section of Romans, Paul is presenting the case that all people are guilty before a holy God and need to receive salvation that they cannot attain for themselves. 1:18—2:16 declares that people without the Jewish law are guilty before God, as their own conscience condemns them. In 2:17-29, Paul shows how Jews with the Law are also guilty before God. Finally, in 3:1-20, Paul concludes that all people, with or without the Law are guilty before God. This is the “knowledge of sin” (3:20) that condemns everyone and prepares the non-Christian for the gospel, beginning in 3:21, “the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe.”
Romans 1:18-32 — The Wrath of God
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
God’s anger with sin: Everyone is guilty before a holy God. The knowledge of God is evident to all people, even those without the Bible. It is this knowledge they have that accuses them before God. This clearly applies to the world’s animists and atheists.
Main Point
The anger of God is revealed, or made evident (1:18)
Supporting points
How? Against those who suppress the truth (1:18-23)
knowledge of God is evident to all (1:19)
“within them” (1:19)
through creation (1:20)
so all are without excuse (1:20)
they knew God, but refused to honor him or thank him (1:21)
the result: they became futile in their speculations and their foolish hearts were darkened (1:21)
they exchanged God’s incorruptible glory for idols in the form of corruptible men and animals (1:23)
How? Through false worship (1:24-25)
worshiping the creation rather than the Creator (1:25)
How? Through debasing behaviors (1:26-32)
God “gave them over” (1:24,26,28)
to degrading passions: unnatural sexuality (1:26-27)
to depraved minds: corrupt dealings, “filled with all unrighteousness,” character and actions are evil (1:28-31)
although they knew God’s law inwardly, that they are worthy of death, they also strongly approve of others who practice the same sin (1:32)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God is not unmoved. He is angry! (1:18, also 2:5,8; 3:5; 4:15; 5:9). What does it mean that God is angry? (see Exodus 34:6,7). Anger is a warning of danger to come, wholly consistent with a God who is loving and full of mercy.
God “gave them over”—allowing rebellious humans to do what they want, even though we are not free of the consequence of our rebellion.
Knowing God. Even without the Bible there are things that all humans, made in the image of God know about Him. Moral awareness, the uniqueness of humanity, all evidence an awareness of our Creator. Also in looking at nature, its complexity, harmony and beauty, we intuitively conclude that a powerful Intelligence is the only possible explanation. We should assume that somewhere in the hearts of all people is the knowledge of God.
What does the paragraph say about people?
Human beings are “fallen.” That means we are all bent toward evil. Rather than humble gratitude toward God, we are full of “passions” and “speculations” that justify our rebellion from God.
Humans realize we can’t live without God. But neither are we willing to submit to him. So this is where “nature religions” come into human history. From the earliest records, humans have practiced animism, just as many tribes continue to do in West Africa. But these religions lead to greater bondage—fear of spirits, constant sacrifice, no hope for this life or the next.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
The passage says what we are saved from. It describes why we need a Savior.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- Non-Christians, whether they are American atheists or African animists, know there is a God. Among most African animists is the belief in a “High God” who created, but who no longer is involved with humanity. The world was given over to lesser spirits, spirits of nature, just as Romans describes. But we can appeal to our animist neighbors that we know the truth about the Most High God! There is a place for evangelism in the mind and heart of all people.
How does this passage relate to you?
- It is helpful to continue to remember what you were saved from. But it also brings to mind how compassionate and generous God is—and how we are called to be.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Our home churches should feel confident that when we speak the gospel, no matter who we are talking to understands that there is a God and that they have a serious problem with God. That makes the good news of Christ always relevant.
Romans 2:1-16 — Awareness of Guilt without the Law
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
No one has an excuse before God: Even without the Law, people are aware of right and wrong. More importantly, they know that they are sinners. They violate their own conscience and prove their own guilt. This presents to every soul the need for forgiveness.
Main Point
Everyone is without excuse before God (2:1)
Supporting points
Why? Everyone is a hypocrite (2:1-11)
everyone judges by a standard that they are also guilty of. Self-condemned (2:1)
everyone knows that God judges the guilty (2:2)
Why would anyone think they could escape God’s judgment? (2:3-11)
do you think lightly of God’s kindness, tolerance, patience, knowing these lead to repentance? (2:4)
it is stubbornness and unrepentant heart that prevents repentance and for which judgment will come according to ones’ deeds (2:5,6)
there is no partiality with God (2:11)
Why? Those who sin without the Law will also perish without the Law (2:12-16)
it is not those who hear the law but do the law who are justified before God (2:13)
when Gentiles without the law instinctively do things of the Law, they are a law unto themselves (2:14)
showing the Law written on their hearts and their conscience bearing witness to right and wrong (2:15)
God will judge the secrets of all men through Christ (2:16)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God has “placed eternity in their hearts” (Ecclesiastes 3:11). Human conscience is universal. Everyone has an inner sense of right and wrong.
God will return in judgment.
God knows the secrets we hold. So it isn’t just a matter of outward actions that bring us under God’s judgment, but the thoughts and attitudes too (see Matthew 5:21-48).
What does the paragraph say about people?
But everyone is guilty even by their own standard of right and wrong, because we all act against our conscience.
We stand before God in judgment, our conscience being our prosecution.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
The passage says what we are saved from. It describes why we need a Savior.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- We do not need to convince people of their guilt. God has already done that through creating us in His image: moral awareness. So conscience is a gift from God, showing everyone their guilt. Our focus as Christians needs to be on the gospel, God’s response to the human problem of guilt.
How does this passage relate to you?
- I know that my conscience is not always clear. I am aware of the need for a Savior every day—and gratitude that righteousness is a gift, unearned by my works.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- When we proclaim the gospel, God has already prepared the hearts of the non-Christian. Let’s bring honesty about our own need for a Savior and extend the offer to them to receive this gift.
Romans 2:17-29 — Jews Guilty as Their Law Reveals
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
The religious person is just as guilty as anyone else: Just having the Law of God doesn’t mean you are righteous. Law-livers also violate God’s Law. Being a Jew doesn’t give you special status with God—he who is a Jew is one inwardly.
Main Point
You as a Jew with the Law are also guilty (2:21)
Supporting points
How? Religious self-righteousness (2:17-24)
to the Jew who relies on the Law (2:17)
knowing the Law (2:18)
confident you are a guide to the blind (2:19,20)—note the sarcasm
you who teach others, do you teach yourself? (2:21,22)
religious hypocrisy dishonors God (2:23,24)
What does being a Jew really mean? (2:25-29)
circumcision, the outward sign of Judaism, is not sufficient (2:25-27)
true Jews are not outwardly circumcised, but inwardly, a circumcision of the heart by the Spirit, not by the letter of the Law. And his praise doesn’t come from people, but God alone (2:28,29)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God’s Law applies to outward behaviors and to matters of the heart.
The standard of God’s Law is perfection.
What does the paragraph say about people?
This passage applies to the religious person who tends to think that because they keep religious Law to some degree, that they are acceptable to God, being comparatively “better” than others. There is a problem here that Jesus also spoke to: religious blindness and hypocrisy.
The religious person, with their self-deceived self-righteousness, is often hard to reach.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
The passage says what we are saved from. It describes why we need a Savior.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- An honest reading of the Law—and especially Jesus’ commentary on the Law (Matthew 5-7) is important to break through the layers of self-righteousness in the religious person’s heart. But we also know that religious people know inwardly that they are guilty. That’s why they are so insecure about where they stand with God. It’s also why they feel the need to compare themselves with others, as Paul describes in this passage.
How does this passage relate to you?
- How easily self-righteousness creeps into our soul. The tendency to judge others, to take a position as “better than you” is really being exposed in this passage—2:19-23. How would you know if you were self-righteous?
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- In a home church people are learning to rely on each other, to be honest about the real problems in their lives, as they seek God together. Religious hypocrisy will destroy the very foundation of spiritual community. It is a great threat and keeps people at a superficial distance from each other.
Romans 3:1-8 — Advantage of the Jew
Structure — what is the passage about?
Main Point
The Jew has been given the privilege of being entrusted with God’s Word (3:2), and yet has failed to believe and obey it (3:3,4)
Supporting points
David confessed sinning against God; God is proven right when He speaks and justified when He judges (3:3,4)
Paul argues against the mis-understanding that our sinfulness brings glory to God (3:5,6)
this would imply God would be unjust in punishing our sin (3:7)
this would falsely imply that we should choose to sin so that God would be glorified (3:8)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God has revealed His words through the Jewish scriptures (3:2).
God is faithful to fulfill his promises (3:3), including his promises of justice exposed through his revealed law.
God is just in his judgments, even judgment of the Jews (3:4).
What does the paragraph say about people?
This paragraph highlights that all people, including Jews, stray from the truth and are guilty of sin (3:4).
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
This paragraph teaches that we are all deserving of God’s judgment, regardless of social status (e.g. being a Jew) or religious works performed (e.g. being circumcised). This paragraph also argues against the false idea that our sin is actually a good thing since it sheds light on God’s righteousness.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- Anyone who does not seek and receive the righteousness offered from God through faith in Christ is guilty of sin and will rightly be judged by God.
How does this passage relate to you?
- We can be thankful and praise God that he does not let injustice go unpunished. Rather, His faithfulness to His moral law will result in judgment of all sin. This can give us hope and assurance that, ultimately, evil will not prevail. We should be humbled and thankful that God freely forgives our sins against him even though He does not owe us anything.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Just as the Jews’ right-standing before God is not based on their spiritual heritage or religious performance, so we should be on guard against teachings and ideas in our churches that imply that some of us gain special acceptance based on our religious lifestyle.
Romans 3:9-20 — All Condemned under Sin
Structure — what is the passage about?
Main Point
The law’s purpose is to expose that the Jew, just like the Gentile, is under sin and God’s judgment
Supporting points
Paul refers to several passages of scripture, including Psalms and Isaiah, declaring there are none who are righteous (3:10-18)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God’s law clarifies that His standard of moral righteousness is beyond the grasp of everyone (3:19).
What does the paragraph say about people?
God’s law exposes the fact that all people are guilty before God (3:20).
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
Salvation is not possible through observance of the law. It is explicitly stated that no one will be declared righteous in God’s sight by observing the law (3:20).
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- The non-Christian should note that the commonly held belief that God will weigh our good deeds against our bad to determine whether we are acceptable to Him is clearly rejected by this passage. This may be offensive to the self-righteous, but may give hope to those who are aware of their sinfulness. Anyone who does not seek the righteousness offered from God through faith in Christ is guilty of sin and will be judged by God. Therefore, put your faith in Jesus and receive his offer of salvation.
How does this passage relate to you?
- We can be thankful and praise God that he does not let injustice stand; that his faithfulness to His law will result in judgment. This can give us hope and assurance that, ultimately, evil will not prevail. We should be humbled that God freely forgives our sins against him even though He does not owe us anything.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Just as the Jews’ right-standing before God is not based on their spiritual heritage or religious performance, so we should be on guard against teachings and ideas in our churches that imply that some of us gain special acceptance based on our religious lifestyle.
Romans 3:21-26 — Imputed Righteousness
Structure — what is the passage about?
Main Point
Righteousness from God has now been made available through faith in Christ Jesus
Supporting points
How? God presented Christ as an atoning sacrifice to pay the penalty of our sin
Why? He did this to demonstrate His justice by ensuring the penalty for sin was paid for
Why? He did this to demonstrate His loving grace by being the one who justifies those who have faith in Jesus (3:24, 26)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God offers His righteousness as a gift to all who will receive it (3:22).
God is gracious and just (3:24,26).
What does the paragraph say about people?
All have sinned and deserve God’s judgment (3:23).
There is no difference between Jew and Gentile with respect to salvation (3:24).
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
This passage teaches salvation comes through receiving righteousness offered as a gift from God (3:21,22). This righteousness is: apart from the law; testified to by the scriptures; “now made known” (is now complete and revealed in Jesus); available through faith in Jesus Christ; available to all who believe.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- This is the heart of the gospel, the “good news” for non-Christians! Following the bad news that all deserve God’s judgment (3:23), salvation is proclaimed as available as a gift from God through faith in Jesus to anyone who believes (3:22, 24)!
How does this passage relate to you?
- We should be humbled that God freely forgives our sins against him even though He does not owe us anything.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- This clear gospel message of the universal need for and offer of salvation through faith in Jesus should be clearly taught in our home churches.
Romans 3:27-31 — Role of the Law Confirmed
Structure — what is the passage about?
Main Point
The true role of the law is confirmed as people acknowledge their sin and turn to Christ by faith
Supporting points
The “highlighting of sin” is what confirms the law by denying the false idea that obedience of the law is cause for boasting with regard to obtaining salvation (3:27)
There is only one God who is God of both Jews and Gentiles. The one and only means of justification is made available to both Jew and Gentile (3:29,30)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
There is only one God who is God of all people, both Jew and Gentile.
What does the paragraph say about people?
No one can boast before God when confronted with a true understanding of the requirements of His law. In the sermon on the mount (Matt 5), Jesus taught this same idea; that God’s law required going beyond a superficial understanding and obeying the deeper spirit of God’s law, a feat beyond even the practices of the pharisees.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
There is one God and He will justify both Jews and Gentiles by the same means: namely, their faith in Christ. The law reveals the inadequacy of self-effort and, therefore, the need to approach God on the basis of faith.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- Exhort the non-Christian to stop trying to be acceptable to God by being a good person.
How does this passage relate to you?
- There is no place for boasting about your righteousness since it is obtained as a gift solely through faith… the same as for every other believer.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Our churches should be characterized by unity made possible by the realization that we are all “in the same boat”; that is, we are all sinners saved by the grace of God. As we seek to spread the gospel to those who do not know Jesus, we should guard against the human tendency to judge people’s suitableness for participating in our home church based on their lifestyle. God desires all to be saved and come to the knowledge of truth (1 Tim 2:4).
Romans 4:1-15 — Abraham’s Righteousness apart from Works
Structure — what is the passage about?
Main Point
The principle of imputed righteousness apart from works, as seen by the example of Abraham
Supporting points
Apart from works
giving credit for work performed is an obligation
giving credit for no work (i.e. just believing) is a gift
Abraham’s belief in God’s promise was credited to him as righteousness (Gen 15:6)
King David speaks of the same principle in Psalm 32:1,2
Apart from circumcision
Abraham’s righteousness was declared before he was circumcised (4:10)
Apart from the law
the law had no part in Abraham receiving the promise from God (4:13); see also Galatians 3:16-18, 29
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God justifies the wicked (4:5).
What does the paragraph say about people?
No one has reason to boast regarding their righteousness before God (4:2).
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
God credits righteousness for faith in Christ apart from works (4:6).
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- God does not change, and the way we become acceptable to Him has always been the same. Become right with God by confessing your sins before Him and putting your faith in Jesus for the forgiveness of your sins.
How does this passage relate to you?
- Rejoice in the blessing of forgiveness offered to us through faith by our gracious God!
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- The knowledge that all who follow in the faith of Abraham are part of the fulfillment of God’s promise to Abraham can be a source of motivation and encouragement for our churches. We, as a church, are not just a chance result of haphazard events that occurred throughout the centuries. Rather, God knew from the beginning that we would be here today. We each have a role to play according to His plan which he foreknew from the beginning.
Romans 4:16-25 — Abraham’s Faith Was in God
Structure — what is the passage about?
Main Point
Abraham’s faith in God resulted in his justification; likewise, all who believe in God who raised Jesus will be credited with righteousness
Supporting points
Justification came to Abraham through faith so it would be available to all of Abraham’s “offspring,” both Jew and Gentile (4:17, 23-25)
Abraham’s faith in God’s promise was against all human hope, since both he and his wife were past the age of reproduction
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God is gracious (4:16). God gives life to the dead (4:17). God offers salvation to all people (4:17,24,25).
What does the paragraph say about people?
All people are eligible to be Abraham’s spiritual offspring with respect to the promise of him being the father of all nations (4:17).
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
Our justification is made possible because God delivered Jesus over to death for our sins and raised him to new life (4:25). We are saved by believing, placing our faith in, God who raised Jesus from the dead. This faith embraces the knowledge that such a salvation is beyond hope in our own ability to effect it by human effort (4:19).
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- This passage is a call to the non-Christian to follow the example of faith found in Abraham and place your trust in Jesus for salvation.
How does this passage relate to you?
- This passage is a reminder of God’s love, justice, and mercy expressed through the death and resurrection of Jesus, resulting in the gift of forgiveness of my sins. This passage is a reminder that God’s plan for humanity has not changed, but has always been to make a nation for Himself, fulfilling the promise He made to Abraham.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- There are no differences among people with respect to salvation. We all must come to God through faith in Jesus. Conveying this good news in word and deed to all who will hear it should be a priority of our home churches.
Summary
So far, Paul has established that all people are guilty before a holy God, whether they have the Law to show their failings (Jews) or the witness of their own conscience even without the Law (Gentiles). That is the argument of Romans 1:18—3:20. Then from 3:21—4:25 Paul shows that God has always justified the guilty by faith in His promised redemption. Abraham and David in the Old Testament make the case that not only would the Jews be justified by faith, but that the Gentiles would also share in this promise. So in this section of Romans, Paul demonstrates God’s grace over the penalty of sin. From 5:1—8:39 the focus turns to how God’s grace prevails over the power of sin in the Christian life. Chapters 5 and 6 describe our identity in Christ. Chapter 7 describes the inner conflict Christians have between our old nature in Adam and our new nature in Christ. And finally, chapter 8 shows how life in the Spirit, under grace, is what really transforms the lives of God’s people, bringing us to victory.
Romans 5:1-11 — The Blessings of Salvation
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
Justification means that the issue of sin has been taken away in the cross of Christ. Now we exalt in the blessings of our right standing before God: peace, hope and reconciliation.
This paragraph is a beautiful description of God’s love for us, the key motivation for living a life pleasing to God.
Main Point
Having been justified by faith,
we have peace with God (5:1)
Supporting points
5:1 peace with God comes through our Lord Jesus Christ
5:2 who brought us into this place of grace, our undeserved privilege
5:2 where we stand, exalting in hope of the glory of God
5:3 we also exalt in our trials
Why? knowing that suffering produces perseverance (5:3)
perseverance produces proven character (5:4)
proven character produces hope (5:4)
hope does not disappoint, because God’s love has been poured out in our hearts through the Holy Spirit (5:5)
5:6 God’s love shown: while we were helpless, Christ died for sinners
perhaps someone would die for a good person (5:7)
but God shows his love not to the good, but to sinners (5:8)
5:9 having been justified, we will be saved from the wrath of God through Christ
while we were enemies, we were reconciled to God through Christ’s sacrifice (5:10)
we exult in God through Christ who reconciled us with God (5:11)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God is gracious, loving, sacrificial. In making sinful people justified, God demonstrates who He really is. He shows through Christ that even rebels matter to Him. And while there will be wrath to come (5:9), God does not want any to perish, but all to come to a knowledge of the truth (2 Peter 3:9).
What does the paragraph say about people?
People are helpless rebels, subject to God’s wrath. But that is not the end of the story. God is moved by the human condition.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
Romans 5:1-11 is an awesome description of the meaning and blessings of salvation. Through justification, we have peace with God (Hebrew: shalom; Greek: eirene). This means the just, whole, harmonious condition of the soul. Being at peace with God, we are reconciled with Him. The hostility between a holy God and sinful people is broken in the cross of Christ! More than that we stand and exult in this new relationship with God through Christ (see Romans 14:4; Jude 1:24).
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- Non-Christians should see in this paragraph a message of hope. If they are prepared to agree with God that they are helpless rebels under the wrath of God and turn to a God who loves, justifies and reconciles, God will save them.
How does this passage relate to you?
- The application of our new standing with God comes in 5:3-5. Since we have hope through God’s grace, we can face all kinds of trials and tribulations, knowing that God will use even these things for our good and for His glory. Perseverance and tested character are precious gifts for the Christian life and often show the difference between people with hope and those without hope. And this, in turn, is a powerful witness to the reality of our faith.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- We should be prepared for difficult times, trials and tribulations. Together, we can encourage one another as we live out the hope we have in Christ.
Romans 5:12-21 — Grace Reigns in Christ!
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
Adam and Christ are contrasted in this passage. Adam brought death and judgment to all humans. But through Christ, grace and eternal life reign for all who receive it.
Our destiny follows our identity. In Adam, we die. In Christ, we are made alive eternally.
Main Point
Sin reigned in death, but grace reigns
through eternal life in Christ (5:21)
Supporting points
5:12 Through one man sin entered into the world, and death spread to all people, because all people sin
death reigned since Adam with and without the Law (5:13,14)
Adam is a type of Him who was to come (5:14)
5:15 The free gift of God (grace) is not like Adam’s sin
by the sin of the one, the many died (5:15)
by the grace of God of the one Man, Jesus Christ, grace abounds to the many (5:15)
5:16-19 Judgment from one sin brought condemnation; the free gift brought justification
through Adam’s disobedience the many were made sinners. Through the obedience of Christ the many will be made righteous (5:19)
5:20,21 Where sin increased, grace increased even more!
sin reigned in death, but grace reigns through righteousness into eternal life through Jesus Christ the Lord (5:21)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God is gracious in bringing righteousness and eternal life in Christ. This passage is about the triumph of grace over sin, life over death, Christ over Adam. In this sense, Adam is a type of Christ. Adam began the sinful human race. Christ began the redeemed human race.
What does the paragraph say about people?
People are sinners as descendants of Adam. He brought sin into the world, and all of us continue in that sin. This results in condemnation and death. We cannot change who we are.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
This passage is about the triumph of grace over sin, life over death, Christ over Adam. We sin because we are Adam’s race. But we live because we belong to Christ, by receiving His abundant grace (5:17). So this passage makes clear that our identity is the central question in salvation. It is not the good things we do—remember that the Law came in so that sin would increase (5:19). It is a matter of being identified with Christ. And in Christ eternal life reigns!
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- Religious good works will not change the fact that we are sinners like Adam, and under the same sentence of death (Genesis 2:17). So death reigns in human history and in the life of every person. This is the human condition. But God reaches out to fallen and corrupt human beings in Christ, offering the gift of justification and eternal life. That is the gospel, the “Good News.”
How does this passage relate to you?
- This passage is all about the gift of God (5:15-17) to the undeserving. Thinking about God’s generosity produces grateful humility: He really loves us that much, and at what a great cost to Himself! It is very encouraging that death will not reign, but eternal life. What more could we ever ask for?
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- How do we think about one another? This passage helps us view each other as forgiven sinners who are people of destiny—headed to eternal life. And that is what we want for everyone we love. So we are reminded about what is at stake in evangelism.
Romans 6:1-14 — Understanding Our Identity in Christ
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
This passage explains our victory over the power of sin by showing our identity in Christ. We are no longer the sinner in Adam, but are dead to sin through Christ. Sin has lost its power and authority through our identification with Christ.
Notice the ways Christians are related to Christ: “united,” “baptized,” “with,” “in” Christ. What is true of Christ is true of you!
Main Point
Should we keep sinning so that God will show us
more grace? (6:1) Paul answers by showing how
Christians have died to sin (6:2) and that
under grace, sin is no longer our master (6:14)
Supporting points
6:2 How can we live in sin if we have died to sin?
all who are baptized into Christ are baptized into His death (6:3)
we have been buried with Him through baptism into death, so that as Christ was raised, we too might walk in new life (6:4)
we have become united with Him in His death and resurrection (6:5)
knowing that our old self was crucified with Him, so that sin would lose its power (6:6)
he who has died is freed from sin (6:7; see Colossians 3:3)
6:8 If we have died with Christ, we will also live with Him
knowing that Christ, raised from the dead, will never die again (6:9)
Christ’s death was once for all time to break the power of sin (6:10)
consider yourself dead to sin, but alive to God in Christ Jesus (6:11)
6:12 Therefore, do not let sin reign in your life
do not present yourself to sin, but present yourself to God as one alive from the dead as a tool for righteousness (6:13)
sin will not be your master, because you are not under law, but grace (6:14)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
We are reminded in this passage of the central acts of Christ in bringing our salvation: His death and resurrection.
What does the paragraph say about people?
People can respond to the gospel and be identified with Christ. That is what our gracious Lord desires for everyone.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
This is a crucially important passage in Paul’s presentation about how Christians have victory by grace over the power of sin (chapters 5—8). It begins with confronting a misrepresentation of grace. Some of Paul’s critics were likely saying that grace is dangerous. If we are accepted by God no matter what we do, then we should sin more so that God’s grace would increase. This is, of course, a total misrepresentation of grace and a superficial understanding of sin.
Paul answers the objection by pointing out that by being identified with Christ, Christians have died to sin. There is no more grace required, because all of our sin has already been paid for in the death of Christ and we are given new life through being identified with Christ’s resurrection. We become a new person in Christ, a new creation (see 2 Corinthians 5:17; Colossians 3:3,4).
There are three key words Paul uses to apply our identity in Christ: know, consider, present. To know (6:6,9) that our “old self” has been crucified with Christ, that the power of sin is broken in the cross (see also Galatians 2:20). Next, Paul says consider. This is a term accountants use. It means to calculate, to count on, to rely on. Finally, we are to present ourselves as we are in Christ. To take God at His word and act as though it were true. That’s where real transformation in life begins.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- God does not ask that we make ourselves better. He wants to make us new.
How does this passage relate to you?
- Grateful that I am new in Christ. That my sin does not define who I am.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- We need to learn how to relate to each other as people who are new in Christ.
Romans 6:15-23 — Living with Freedom
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
Sin has the power to make us its slave. Through Christ we have been set free from sin. Now we can present our lives to God as servants of His righteousness, resulting in a transformed life.
Main Point
Should we sin since we are now under God’s grace?
(6:15) No! Grace does not lead to a sinful life!
Supporting points
6:16-18 You will present yourself either as a slave of sin resulting in death or obedience to God resulting in righteousness
you used to be slaves of sin, but now since becoming obedient to God from the heart, you have been freed from sin (6:17)
you have become slaves of righteousness (6:18)
6:19 Just as you present yourself as slaves to sin, so now present yourself as a slave to righteousness, resulting in sanctification
6:20-22 Now since you are free from sin and have become God’s slave, you receive the benefit, resulting in sanctification and eternal life
6:23 The wages of sin is death. The free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God calls us to freedom in Christ.
What does the paragraph say about people?
Christians do not have to be the slaves of sin.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
How is our life truly transformed? It is when we use our freedom to become servants of Christ (6:19), having become obedient from the heart to his grace (6:17). Paul says to present yourself to God as His servant (6:13,16,19). That is where we experience true freedom. Sin is slavery! Why stay in a jail cell when the door is open and we can leave at any time?
“Sanctification” (hagiasmos) is the process in which Christians fully experience the new person we have become in Christ—and find freedom from the enslaving power of sin. In one sense, we are already sanctified, “set apart for God” by the Holy Spirit based on Christ’s salvation (2 Thessalonians 5:23). But we will experience the victory over sinful desires as we present ourselves as servants of God (6:19).
So our victory over sin is not about avoiding bad things, but in a positive way, giving ourselves wholly to God as His servant. This is the focus of the Christian life.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- Do you want to be free? That’s what God is offering to you in Christ.
How does this passage relate to you?
- It’s too easy to be focused on sin, about what I am doing right or wrong. It’s too easy to feel defeated by ongoing, deep-seated problems in my life. I find that I can’t change myself. But a foundation to true and lasting change is to seek the freedom in Christ to be a servant of God. Then, over time, I find that I am increasingly free from the character flaws that make me feel like a slave.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Let’s help each other focus on presenting ourselves to God as His servant.
Romans 7:1-6 — Freedom from the Law
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
Paul uses the illustration of marriage to teach an important truth about Law and grace. A person is bound to marriage as long as their partner lives. But when the partner dies, they are free to marry another. In the same way, we must die to the Law so that we can be joined to Christ. You cannot live under both Law and grace!
Main Point
Concerning the Law, do you know that it applies
to a person as long as they are alive? (7:1)
Supporting points
7:2,3 Marriage is binding only as long as both are alive. Once a partner dies, the other is free to remarry
7:4 Therefore, you died to the Law so you could be joined to Christ, who was raised from the dead, so you could bear fruit for God
7:5 While you lived in sinful passions aroused by the Law, your life bore the fruit of death
7:6 But now you are released from the Law, having died to the Law that bound you, so that you can serve in new life in the Spirit, not in the old life of the Law
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God is not interested in our Law-based living, but rather in new life in the Spirit.
What does the paragraph say about people?
People tend to cling to the Law.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
The question being asked in this passage relates to a person with a religious heritage, especially to Jews. If salvation and sanctification happen by grace, then what about the Law? Paul uses the illustration of marriage to make the point that if a partner dies, a spouse is free to marry another. In the same way, if we have died to the Law, we are free from the Law. Life in the Spirit replaces the old life under the Law.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- The Law is not making you acceptable to a holy God. Quite the opposite, it reveals your sinfulness.
How does this passage relate to you?
- I am so glad I am not bound to a standard I can’t meet and which is always reminding me that I am a failure.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Let’s not put one another under Law!
Romans 7:7-13 — The Law Shows Us Our Sin
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
The purpose of the Law was never to make us holy or acceptable before God. Rather, the Law is there to show us that we are totally corrupt and unable to please God by our works. The Law shows us God’s will and our sinful flesh is incited to rebellion by breaking the commandments.
Main Point
Is the Law sinful? (7:7) Of course not—it defines sin!
Supporting points
7:7 That is how we know coveting is wrong
7:8 But our sinful nature is aroused by the commandment, resulting in all kinds of coveting. If there were no Law, sin would have no power
7:9-11 I was alive before understanding the Law. But when the command came, sin came alive and I died. Sin took opportunity through the commandment and I was self-deceived
7:12 So then, the Law is holy, the commandment is righteous and good
7:13 The Law showed my sin, which caused death. Sin uses the Law for its own sinful purposes
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
God’s character is revealed in the Law. It is a standard unattainable by people.
What does the paragraph say about people?
If we’re honest, like Paul, we’ll admit that we are sinful.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
If the Law reveals sin and even entices our flesh to sin, then is the Law sinful? Paul answers by clearly teaching us that there is nothing wrong with the Law. It is an expression of the character of God. The problem is entirely ours: we are sinful, fallen beings, at least in our flesh, our old nature in Adam.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- If you are honest, and look at what the Law actually teaches, you will conclude that you have a problem with a holy God.
How does this passage relate to you?
- It is easy to think that I impress God with my moral living. I see sometime that there are many others who are more outwardly sinful than I am. It’s easy to become self-righteous, as though the grace and blessings of God come to me because I deserve them. But the Law reminds me that this is untrue.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Let’s remind one another that grace changes everything. The Law doesn’t.
Romans 7:14-25 — The Despairing Effects of Life under the Law
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
The result of trying to please God by living under the Law is despair. The Law produces a deep inner struggle, driving us to conclude that we are utterly sinful. All we can do is cry out, “Who will save me from this life of sin and death?” But now, having come to an end of our “flesh,” we are prepared for an even deeper understanding of God’s grace.
Main Point
Paul shares how his own attempts to live under the Law
drove him to despair: Wretched man I am! (7:24)
Supporting points
7:14 The Law is spiritual and good, but my flesh is a slave to sin
I do not understand what I am doing. I am doing the very thing I hate! (7:15)
I know that nothing good dwells in my flesh. I am willing but unable to do good (7:18)
7:21-23 I find the principle that evil is present in me, even though I want to do good
I joyfully agree with the Law of God in the inner man (7:22)
but there is a war in me, against my mind. This power makes me a slave to the sin that is still within me (7:23)
7:24,25 I am a wretched man! Who will set me free from this life of sin and death? Thank God! The answer is in Christ Jesus our Lord
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
Once again, Paul describes the futility of life empowered by the flesh (self-effort) under the law. There is a real battle waged in the soul of every Christian between life led by the power of the Spirit and life led by the flesh. It drives you to despair knowing that you can’t change yourself! All your attempts end up in failure of one kind or another.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- If you feel guilty or ashamed, it is because you are trusting in your own righteousness. That will always end in failure.
How does this passage relate to you?
- Christians, myself included, often do not experience much inner conflict. Sometimes it is because we are truly walking by the Spirit (see chapter 8), but perhaps more often it is because we have already surrendered to our flesh. We set up standards we easily meet so we don’t have to feel any inner tension. But when we set ourselves to the true meaning and requirements of the Law, to love God with our total being and our neighbor as ourselves (Luke 10:27; Matthew 22:37) we quickly come to the end of our ability.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- We should not focus on mere external behavior, but matters of the heart.
Overview of Romans 8: Life in the Spirit
Chapter 8 brings to a victorious climax the work of salvation. Having established that the penalty of sin is covered and the power of sin is broken in Christ, Paul describes the revolutionary new way of life God brings to us: Life in the Spirit. In 8:2-27, Paul describes eleven things the Spirit does for God’s children: the Spirit brings life; sets us free; empowers our walk; brings life and peace; dwells within us; transforms our life; leads us; testifies that we are God’s adopted children; proves that God is regenerating creation; helps us in our weakness; intercedes for us.
After describing life in the Spirit, Paul reminds us that salvation is completely the work of God alone in 8:26,27: He foreknows, predestines, calls, justifies and glorifies believers in Christ. We can have certainty about our standing with God, knowing that our salvation has nothing to do with our works or worthiness, but with his purpose.
Then finally, this amazing section of scripture ends with answers to three questions that show the total victory of the gospel: If God is for us, who is against us? (8:31) Who could bring a charge against God’s chosen people? (8:33) Who will separate us from God’s love? (8:35)
Romans 8:1-27 — Life in the Spirit
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
Life in the Spirit: This lengthy section of Romans 8 centers on 11 works of the Spirit in the life of all Christians. Rather than living life in the power of the flesh under the Law, God has designed the life of faith, centering on trusting in the Spirit’s work.
Main Point
The work of the Spirit in the Christian life
Supporting points
8:1-8 Spirit and flesh contrasted
there is no condemnation in Christ Jesus (8:1)
Spirit of life in Christ frees you from the law of sin and death (8:2)
Christ did what the Law could not do so that the requirements of the Law would be fulfilled as we walk by the Spirit, not the flesh (8:3,4)
the mind set on the Spirit is life and peace (8:6)
the mind set on the flesh is hostile to God and cannot please God (8:7,8)
8:9-17 Spirit: God’s indwelling presence
you are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if the Spirit indwells you (8:9)
the Spirit that raised Christ from the dead dwells in you, giving life (8:11)
all who are led by the Spirit are children of God (8:14)
you have received a spirit of adoption as children calling out “Abba! Father!” (8:15)
the Spirit testifies with our spirit that we are children of God and heirs with Christ (8:16,17)
8:18-25 Redemption: first fruits of the Spirit
our present suffering is not worthy to be compared to our future glory (8:18)
creation groans and suffers the pains of childbirth; we also groan, being the first fruits of the Spirit as we await our future adoption (8:22,23)
we live in the hope of what we cannot presently see and with perseverance we eagerly wait (8:25)
8:26,27 Spirit aids us in our weakness
we don’t know how to pray (8:26)
Spirit intercedes with groaning too deep even for words (8:26)
Spirit searches the heart; the mind of the Spirit intercedes for us according to God’s will (8:27)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
The Holy Spirit is active both in our salvation, by convincing all people of their need for forgiveness (John 16:8) and by “sealing us in Christ” (Ephesians 1:13). In this section of Romans 8, Paul describes the ongoing work of the Spirit in the Christian’s life. His indwelling presence (8:9-11) is not only the evidence of salvation, but enables our minds to think the thoughts of God (8:6-8, 27; see also 1 Corinthians 2:11-16), gives us strength and wisdom to walk with God (8:3,4) and be led by Him (8:14). Further, the Spirit assures us that we are God’s beloved children, adopted through Christ (8:15-17). Through His indwelling presence, the Spirit intercedes for us before God. It is also by the indwelling Spirit that Christians are evidence (first fruits) of God’s plan to redeem all of creation (8:23-25).
What does the paragraph say about people?
We were made to relate to God in a personal way: “Abba. Father!”
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
This great passage shows that God intends to indwell His people. We have the amazing potential to be alive to God, to have God reside within our being through His Spirit! This means the possibility of supernatural living—the work of God in our lives. All of God’s resources to live the Christian life are given to us through the Spirit.
It is crucial that God’s people understand that He does not want us relating to Him through the Law, but through the Spirit on the basis of faith. Legalistic people focus on rules-based behavior thinking that God is primarily concerned with what we do. This passage makes it clear that God’s interest is in relationship—the Father/child intimacy made possible through the Spirit.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- Non-Christians do not have the power to overcome their sins and limitations. It is a work of God. But the good news proclaims freedom, power to live a new way, and a relationship with God! This is what the soul of human beings cries out for. The good news is good news for all.
How does this passage relate to you?
- I know my limits. My failures. My inability to change myself. This passage is so refreshing, knowing that life change is a work of God, just as is my salvation. Too often Christians are told that salvation is by faith in God’s grace, but the Christian life is up to your efforts. That is not true. Grace and the work of the Spirit are at the center of it all: from conversion to glorification.
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Home churches are grace-based communities relying on the power of the Holy Spirit to effect a beautiful change in believers’ lives. We have the amazing opportunity to contribute to that process in one another’s lives.
Romans 8:28-30 — The Certainty of Our Salvation
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
8:18-27 shows that the Spirit is at work in the Christian life, giving us assurance in who we are as God’s children, His ongoing concern for us through the resources of the Spirit, and the hope of the future through the Spirit. In 8:28-30 Paul reminds us of another certainty: the sovereignty of God in salvation.
Main Point
God causes all things to work for the good (8:28)
Supporting points
8:28 For those who love God, called according to His purpose
8:29 His “purpose”: Those He foreknew, He predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son
Those He predestined, He called. Those He called He justified. Those he justified He glorified
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
Every facet of salvation is a work of God. Before we ever were, God knew us and planned for a future salvation. This is God’s omniscience—He knows all things, including the future. Because He knows our future, including our faith response to the gospel, he predestined us to be conformed to the image of Christ. This means that our salvation is rooted not in our goodness, but in God’s calling. He chose us in Christ before the world was made (Ephesians 1:4). As God’s called, His chosen people, we have been justified through the cross of Christ and await our future glory (1 John 3:2,3; 1 Corinthians 13:12).
What does the paragraph say about people?
God has been pursuing us before we were born. He loves us so much that He has given everything to be reconciled with Him through Christ (see John 3:16).
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
Salvation is completely the work of God. He has done it all. He’s asking that we respond in faith.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- People are just a decision away from stepping into God’s eternal plan for them!
How does this passage relate to you?
- Salvation is the one and only thing I can’t fail. I make mistakes in every area of life, sometimes with grievous consequences. But my salvation is the work of God. It’s up to Him. I can’t fail at something that is not within my control. I am so very grateful for that!
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- We need to view each other the way God views us: on the way to glory!
Romans 8:31-39 — Overwhelming Victory!
Structure — what is the passage about?
Central Truth:
Now we arrive at the climactic conclusion of our study: from guilt to glory. Paul’s answers to three questions sums up the complete victory believers have in Christ:
- Is God for us?
- Will we stand accused?
- Can we be separated from Christ’s love?
“We overwhelmingly conquer through Christ!”
Main Point
In all these things we overwhelmingly conquer
through Him who loved us!
Supporting points
8:31 Question: If God is for us, who is against us?
Answer: He who did not spare His own Son, but delivered Him for us all, how will He not freely give us all things? (8:32)
8:33 Question: Who will bring an accusation against God’s chosen people?
Answer: God is the one who justifies (8:33). Christ died and was raised to the right hand of God to intercede for us (8:34)
8:35 Question: Who will separate us from God’s love?
Answer: No distress or opposition (Psalm 44:22). Nothing at all can separate us from God’s love! (8:38,39)
Theology — what does the passage mean?
What does the paragraph say about God?
This final part of Romans 1—8, from guilt to glory, declares that we are more than conquerors through Him who loved us. The whole story of salvation is a love story: God’s great care for His rebellious creatures. Yet, because He is holy, a barrier exists, a barrier that only God himself could remove. The gospel is that the barrier is removed through Christ. That is the meaning of Romans 1—8.
The three questions in this paragraph are asked so that Paul could emphatically and finally remove any question about the completeness of our salvation or the inalterable love God has for His children. It is a complete and victorious love! Praise God.
What does the paragraph say about people?
God did not spare His one and only Son for our salvation. That means people mean more than we could possibly imagine to God.
What does the paragraph say about salvation or the Christian life?
With our justification complete and secure, this passage calls on the Christian to rest in the certainty of our salvation and future glory: we overwhelmingly conquer in Christ. The ultimate triumph of grace and the full revelation of the character of God rest in the glorification of sinful human beings. It is truly amazing.
Applications
How does this passage relate to non-Christians?
- Everyone wants to be fully known and fully accepted. In the gospel, the shame and stain of sin is removed so that we can have this total acceptance. The gospel speaks to the heart of lost and broken people in every culture all over the world.
How does this passage relate to you?
- It is so reassuring to know the extent of God’s salvation. Literally nothing can separate me from God’s love! How do you respond to this truth? By giving my life to God in praise for his generosity and mercy!
How does this passage relate to the home churches?
- Let’s celebrate this victory together in worshipful prayer!